Aortic dissection (tear in the main artery)

Overview

High blood pressure is the biggest risk.

A dissection can block blood flow to organs or cause the aorta to burst.

Pain may move from the chest to the back.

Symptoms

Common signs:

• Sudden severe chest or back pain
• Fainting
• Weakness

Less common

• Different pulses in each arm

When to get medical care

Causes

Weak artery wall.

Who is more likely to get it

• High blood pressure
• Marfan syndrome

Diagnosis

This is diagnosed in the emergency room or hospital.

The exam

A physical exam.

Tests

Tests, if needed:

• CT scan:

Treatment

Emergency care is needed. While waiting for help:

Self-care

• Call 911
• Stay still

Prevention

To lower your risk or catch problems early:

• Control blood pressure

Which doctor treats this

• Emergency doctors treat it first, in the ER.
• They may send you to a vascular specialist (blood vessel doctor).

Living with it

Support groups and helplines

• American Heart Association: Plain-language heart information and a support network for patients.
• Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD): Free NIH information on rare diseases, including where to find experts and patient groups.
• National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD): Patient groups, help finding care, and aid programs for rare diseases.

Back to school, work, or sports

• School or desk work is often OK within days. Jobs with lifting may need light duty for a while.
• Go back to sports only when your doctor says it's OK and you have full motion and strength without pain.

For caregivers

• Go to visits when you can and take notes.
• Keep a list of medicines, allergies, and doctors in one place.
• Learn the warning signs that need fast care.
• Take breaks and ask for help. Caregivers need care too.

Outlook

Fast surgery saves lives.

Fast surgery saves lives.

Getting ready for your visit

Bring a list of your symptoms and medicines.

What to bring

• A list of your medicines and supplements
• Notes on when symptoms started and what makes them better or worse

Questions to ask

• What follow-up care do I need?
• How can I prevent this from happening again?

Research studies

Research studies test new ways to find and treat health problems. Some are looking for volunteers. Talk with your doctor before joining one.

Search ClinicalTrials.gov for studies on Aortic dissection (tear in the main artery)