Bowel obstruction (blocked intestine)

Overview

Blockages can be partial or complete. Twisting can cut off blood flow and is an emergency.

Symptoms

Common signs:

• Belly swelling and vomiting
• No gas or stool
• Severe cramps
• Bloating or gas
• Constipation

Less common

• Swollen belly
• Not passing gas

Look up a symptom: Bloating or gas · Stomach pain · Vomiting

When to get medical care

Causes

Adhesions, hernias.

Does it spread or run in families?

• It isn't contagious. You can't catch it from someone else.

Who is more likely to get it

• Past belly surgery

Possible complications

• Sepsis: If the bowel tears
• Peritonitis: Infection of the belly lining

Diagnosis

This is diagnosed in the emergency room or hospital.

The exam

A physical exam.

Tests

Tests, if needed:

• CT:

Treatment

Emergency care is needed. While waiting for help:

Self-care

• Don't eat or drink
• Go to the ER

Which doctor treats this

• Emergency doctors treat it first, in the ER.
• They may send you to a gastroenterologist (stomach and gut doctor).

Back to school, work, or sports

• Recovery time varies. Ask your care team when you can drive, lift, work, and exercise.

Children, pregnancy, and older adults

• People with past belly surgery: Higher risk.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

• If you're pregnant or planning to be, tell your prenatal provider about this condition.
• Don't start or stop any medicine on your own. Some are safe in pregnancy and some need to be changed.
• Ask before taking any pain reliever. The FDA advises avoiding ibuprofen and naproxen after 20 weeks unless your doctor says to.
• Breastfeeding: Most medicines are fine, but ask. The NIH LactMed database lists what's known about each one.

For caregivers

• Go to visits when you can and take notes.
• Keep a list of medicines, allergies, and doctors in one place.
• Learn the warning signs that need fast care.
• Learn CPR. Many hospitals and the Red Cross offer classes.
• Take breaks and ask for help. Caregivers need care too.

Outlook

Many clear with hospital care; some need surgery.

Getting ready for your visit

Bring a list of your symptoms and medicines.

What to bring

• A list of your medicines and supplements
• Notes on when symptoms started and what makes them better or worse

Questions to ask

• What follow-up care do I need?
• How can I prevent this from happening again?

Research studies

Research studies test new ways to find and treat health problems. Some are looking for volunteers. Talk with your doctor before joining one.

Search ClinicalTrials.gov for studies on Bowel obstruction (blocked intestine)