Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)

Overview

Babies born very early or very small have blood vessels in the eye that are still growing.

Most mild cases heal on their own.

Symptoms

Common signs:

• Found on eye exam

Less common

• Crossed eyes later

When to get medical care

Causes

Premature birth.

Does it spread or run in families?

• It isn't contagious. You can't catch it from someone else.

Who is more likely to get it

• Very premature babies

Diagnosis

A clinician asks about your symptoms and may order tests.

The exam

A physical exam.

Tests

Tests, if needed:

• Eye exams:

Treatment

Treatment depends on the cause and how severe it is.

Self-care

• Keep all eye appointments
• Keep all eye exams

Prevention

To lower your risk or prevent problems:

• Prenatal care

Which doctor treats this

• Start with your child's pediatrician.
• They may send you to a pediatric specialist: an optometrist or ophthalmologist (eye doctor).

Children, pregnancy, and older adults

• Babies under 31 weeks or 3.3 pounds: Need screening.
• Babies born early: Highest risk.

For caregivers

• Learn the warning signs and when to call the doctor or 911.
• Keep a list of your child's medicines, doses, and doctors on your phone.
• Tell teachers, coaches, and sitters what to watch for and what to do.
• Take breaks and ask for help. Caregivers need care too.

Outlook

Treatment prevents blindness in most.

Getting ready for your visit

Bring a list of your symptoms and medicines.

What to bring

• A list of your medicines and supplements
• Notes on when symptoms started and what makes them better or worse

Questions to ask

• What's causing this?
• What treatment do you recommend?

Research studies

Research studies test new ways to find and treat health problems. Some are looking for volunteers. Talk with your doctor before joining one.

Search ClinicalTrials.gov for studies on Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)