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Spider bites (including black widow and brown recluse)

Also called: Spider bite, black widow bite, brown recluse bite

Most spider bites are harmless. Black widow bites cause muscle cramps; brown recluse bites can cause a sore that gets worse over days.

Most bitesHarmless
Black widowCramps, sweating
Brown recluseSore that spreads

Overview

Many "spider bites" are really skin infections like MRSA.

Symptoms

Common signs:

  • Spider bite
  • Bug bite or sting
  • Red spot, bump, or patch on the skin

Less common

  • Red bump

When to get medical care

Call 911Trouble breathing, severe muscle cramps, or chest pain.
Get care todaySpreading redness or a dark sore.
See a doctor soonBite not healing.

Causes

Spiders.

Diagnosis

A clinician examines.

Treatment

First aid.

Self-care

  • Wash with soap
  • Cold pack
  • Raise the area

Medicines

Medicines that may help:

MedicineHelps withGood to know
Pain relievers
Pain and swellingAsk first if you have kidney, stomach, or heart problems.

OwieClear doesn't give doses: follow the label or your healthcare professional. Medicine names here are examples, not a full list.

Prevention

To lower your risk or prevent problems:

  • Shake out shoes and gloves

Which doctor treats this

  • Urgent care or the ER can treat it first. For minor problems, your primary care provider can help.

Back to school, work, or sports

  • Most people can go to school or work. Keep the wound clean and covered.
  • Avoid pools and hot tubs until the skin heals.

Children, pregnancy, and older adults

  • Children: Black widow bites can be more severe.

Outlook

Most heal.

Getting ready for your visit

Bring a list of your symptoms and medicines.

Questions to ask

  • Is this a spider bite or an infection?

Research studies

Research studies test new ways to find and treat health problems. Some are looking for volunteers. Talk with your doctor before joining one.

Search ClinicalTrials.gov for studies on Spider bites (including black widow and brown recluse)

Sources

Last updated 2026-11-12.