Vocal cord problems (nodules, polyps, or paralysis)

Overview

Nodules are like calluses on both cords.

Paralysis can follow surgery, a virus, or a nerve problem.

Symptoms

Common signs:

• Hoarse voice

Less common

• Voice tires easily
• Breathy voice

When to get medical care

Causes

Voice overuse, nerve injury.

Does it spread or run in families?

• It isn't contagious. You can't catch it from someone else.

Who is more likely to get it

• Smoking
• Reflux

Diagnosis

A scope looks at the vocal cords.

Questions you may be asked

• Voice use, smoking, reflux

Tests

Tests, if needed:

• Laryngoscopy:

Treatment

Care for your voice.

Self-care

• Rest your voice
• Drink water
• Don't yell or whisper
• Use a microphone
• Don't smoke

Prevention

To lower your risk or prevent problems:

• Use a microphone
• Rest your voice
• Treat reflux

Which doctor treats this

• Start with your primary care provider (family doctor or internist).
• They may send you to an ENT doctor (ear, nose, and throat doctor).

Living with it

• Keep a simple diary of symptoms, triggers, and medicines to bring to visits.
• Bring a list of your medicines and questions to each visit.
• Stay active in ways that feel good to you.
• Get enough sleep and manage stress.
• Long-term illness can affect mood. Tell your doctor if you feel down or anxious.

Support groups and helplines

• Christopher & Dana Reeve Foundation: Information specialists and peer mentors for paralysis.

Back to school, work, or sports

• Most people can keep working or going to school.
• Ask about changes that help, like extra breaks or a flexible schedule. Workers may be covered by the ADA. Students may get a 504 plan.

Children, pregnancy, and older adults

• Children: Nodules are common in kids who yell a lot.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

• If you're pregnant or planning to be, tell your prenatal provider about this condition.
• Don't start or stop any medicine on your own. Some are safe in pregnancy and some need to be changed.
• Ask before taking any pain reliever. The FDA advises avoiding ibuprofen and naproxen after 20 weeks unless your doctor says to.
• Breastfeeding: Most medicines are fine, but ask. The NIH LactMed database lists what's known about each one.

For caregivers

• Go to visits when you can and take notes.
• Keep a list of medicines, allergies, and doctors in one place.
• Learn the warning signs that need fast care.
• Take breaks and ask for help. Caregivers need care too.

Outlook

Most improve.

Voice therapy fixes most nodules.

Getting ready for your visit

Bring a list of your symptoms and medicines.

Questions to ask

• Do I need voice therapy?

Research studies

Research studies test new ways to find and treat health problems. Some are looking for volunteers. Talk with your doctor before joining one.

Search ClinicalTrials.gov for studies on Vocal cord problems (nodules, polyps, or paralysis)