White or brown spots on teeth (fluorosis or enamel defects)

Overview

Mild fluorosis looks like faint white lines and doesn't harm teeth.

White spots can also be early cavities around braces.

Symptoms

Common signs:

• Spots on teeth

Less common

• White streaks
• Brown patches

When to get medical care

Causes

Too much fluoride, enamel problems.

Does it spread or run in families?

• It isn't contagious. You can't catch it from someone else.

Who is more likely to get it

• Young children

Possible complications

• Cavities

Diagnosis

A dentist examines.

Questions you may be asked

• Fluoride sources in childhood

Treatment

Protect and improve.

Self-care

• Kids under 3: rice-grain smear of toothpaste; 3 to 6: pea-size
• Teach kids to spit, not swallow, toothpaste
• Keep up with checkups

Microabrasion, bonding, or veneers.

Prevention

To prevent:

• Right amount of toothpaste

Which doctor treats this

• Start with your dentist.
• They may send you to a dermatologist (skin doctor).

Back to school, work, or sports

• Most people can go back to school or work the same day or the next day.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

• If you're pregnant or planning to be, tell your prenatal provider about this condition.
• Don't start or stop any medicine on your own. Some are safe in pregnancy and some need to be changed.
• Ask before taking any pain reliever. The FDA advises avoiding ibuprofen and naproxen after 20 weeks unless your doctor says to.
• Breastfeeding: Most medicines are fine, but ask. The NIH LactMed database lists what's known about each one.

Outlook

Cosmetic; treatable.

Research studies

Research studies test new ways to find and treat health problems. Some are looking for volunteers. Talk with your doctor before joining one.

Search ClinicalTrials.gov for studies on White or brown spots on teeth (fluorosis or enamel defects)