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Lactulose

Brand names: Enulose, Kristalose

Lactulose is a sugar syrup that softens stool. In liver disease, it also lowers ammonia to prevent confusion.

Brand namesEnulose, Kristalose
Type of medicineOsmotic laxative
Prescription?Prescription
ImportantThis page is general information, not a prescription. Don't start, stop, or change a medicine without talking to your provider or pharmacist.

Overview

For liver disease, the goal is usually 2 to 3 soft stools a day.

What it's used for

  • Long-lasting constipation
  • Preventing and treating confusion from liver disease (hepatic encephalopathy)

How to take it

  • Mix with juice, water, or milk to improve the taste.
  • It may take 1 to 2 days to work for constipation.

Your dose depends on your health and other medicines. Always follow your prescription label, and ask your pharmacist if anything is unclear.

Side effects

Common side effects

  • Gas and bloating
  • Cramps
  • Diarrhea
Call your provider todaySevere diarrhea, dizziness, or weakness (fluid loss)
Call 911New confusion, extreme sleepiness, or shaking hands in someone with liver disease

Warnings

  • It contains sugars; people with diabetes should check blood sugar.

Other medicines, foods, and alcohol

  • Antacids may lower its effect on ammonia.

Tell your provider and pharmacist about every medicine, vitamin, and supplement you take.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

Generally considered safe. Ask your provider.

Missed doses, overdose, and storage

If you miss a dose

Take it as soon as you remember, unless it's almost time for your next dose. Then skip the missed dose. Don't take two doses at once.

If someone takes too much

Call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222 or get help online at poison.org. Call 911 if the person collapses, has a seizure, has trouble breathing, or can't be woken.

Storing it

Store at room temperature, away from heat and moisture (not in the bathroom), and out of reach of children and pets.

Conditions it's used for

Sources

Last updated 2026-11-13.