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BRCA and hereditary cancer genetic testing

Also called: BRCA1 and BRCA2, Hereditary cancer panel, Genetic cancer test

Genetic tests look for inherited changes, like in BRCA1 and BRCA2, that raise the risk of breast, ovarian, prostate, pancreatic, and other cancers.

SampleBlood or saliva
Fasting?Usually not needed
Results2 to 4 weeks
Good to knowOne result rarely tells the whole story. Your provider looks at your results together with your symptoms, exam, and other tests.

What the test is

Meeting with a genetic counselor before and after testing is recommended.

Why it's done

  • Strong family history of breast, ovarian, pancreatic, or prostate cancer
  • Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry with family history
  • A personal history of certain cancers

Getting ready and what happens

  • Gather your family's cancer history.

How the test is done

  • A blood draw or saliva sample.

What the results mean

Harmful change found

Extra screening, preventive medicines or surgery, and testing relatives may be recommended.

Variant of uncertain significance

Usually treated like a negative result until more is known.

Questions to ask your provider

  • What do my results mean for me?
  • Do I need to repeat this test or have other tests?

Risks

A blood draw is very safe. You may have slight pain or a small bruise where the needle went in.

Related conditions

Related medicines

Sources

Last updated 2026-11-13.