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Peripheral blood smear

Also called: Blood smear, Manual differential

A blood smear is a drop of blood looked at under a microscope. It shows the size and shape of blood cells.

SampleA small tube of blood from a vein in your arm
Fasting?Usually not needed
ResultsUsually within 1 to 2 days
Good to knowOne result rarely tells the whole story. Your provider looks at your results together with your symptoms, exam, and other tests.

What the test is

It's often done when a CBC shows something unusual.

Why it's done

  • Unexplained anemia or abnormal blood counts
  • Possible blood cancers, sickle cell, or red cell breakdown
  • Some infections like malaria

Getting ready and what happens

  • No special preparation is needed.

How the test is done

  • A health worker cleans the skin, puts a band around your arm, and draws blood from a vein with a small needle. It takes a few minutes.

What the results mean

Abnormal cells

Unusually shaped red cells, immature white cells, or clumped platelets can point to specific conditions. Your provider may refer you to a blood specialist.

Questions to ask your provider

  • What do my results mean for me?
  • Do I need to repeat this test or have other tests?

Risks

A blood draw is very safe. You may have slight pain or a small bruise where the needle went in.

Related conditions

Related tests

Sources

Last updated 2026-11-13.