Methadone

Overview

It lasts a long time, and levels build up over days, so doses are raised slowly.

What it's used for

• Opioid use disorder (through opioid treatment programs)
• Severe long-lasting pain

How to take it

• Take it exactly as directed. Never take extra if you feel it isn't working; it builds up.
• Keep naloxone (Narcan) at home and show family where it is. It can reverse an opioid overdose.
• Keep take-home doses locked up; a small amount can kill a child.

Your dose depends on your health and other medicines. Always follow your prescription label, and ask your pharmacist if anything is unclear.

Side effects

Common side effects

• Constipation
• Sweating
• Sleepiness
• Nausea

Warnings

• Boxed warnings: life-threatening breathing problems, heart rhythm problems (QT prolongation), addiction, and accidental ingestion.

Other medicines, foods, and alcohol

• Taking it with alcohol, benzodiazepines (like alprazolam or lorazepam), sleep medicines, gabapentin, or other opioids can slow breathing and cause death.
• Many medicines change its level, including some HIV medicines, antifungals, seizure medicines, and rifampin.
• Other medicines that affect heart rhythm add to that risk.

Tell your provider and pharmacist about every medicine, vitamin, and supplement you take.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

Treatment for opioid use disorder is recommended in pregnancy; don't stop on your own.

Missed doses, overdose, and storage

If you miss a dose

Take it as soon as you remember, unless it's almost time for your next dose. Then skip the missed dose. Don't take two doses at once.

If someone takes too much

Call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222 or get help online at poison.org. Call 911 if the person collapses, has a seizure, has trouble breathing, or can't be woken.

Storing it

Store at room temperature, away from heat and moisture (not in the bathroom), and out of reach of children and pets.

Conditions it's used for

• Opioid use and dependence