Health information to help you understand symptoms. It isn't a diagnosis.
Check symptoms

Misoprostol

Brand names: Cytotec, Arthrotec (with diclofenac)

Misoprostol protects the stomach lining from NSAID ulcers. It's also used in pregnancy-related care such as labor induction and miscarriage management.

Brand namesCytotec, Arthrotec (with diclofenac)
Type of medicineProstaglandin
Prescription?Prescription
ImportantThis page is general information, not a prescription. Don't start, stop, or change a medicine without talking to your provider or pharmacist.

Overview

It causes contractions of the uterus, which is why it must not be taken during pregnancy unless directed for a specific medical reason.

What it's used for

  • Preventing stomach ulcers from NSAIDs
  • Off-label: obstetric and gynecologic uses directed by a clinician

How to take it

  • Take it with food, as prescribed.

Your dose depends on your health and other medicines. Always follow your prescription label, and ask your pharmacist if anything is unclear.

Side effects

Common side effects

  • Diarrhea
  • Belly cramps
  • Nausea
Call 911Very heavy vaginal bleeding (soaking 2 pads an hour for 2 hours), fainting, or severe pain
Call your provider todayFever lasting more than a day

Warnings

  • Boxed warning: don't take it to prevent NSAID ulcers if you could be pregnant; it can cause miscarriage and birth defects.

Other medicines, foods, and alcohol

  • Magnesium antacids add to diarrhea.

Tell your provider and pharmacist about every medicine, vitamin, and supplement you take.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

Use only under a clinician's direction in pregnancy.

Missed doses, overdose, and storage

If you miss a dose

Take it as soon as you remember, unless it's almost time for your next dose. Then skip the missed dose. Don't take two doses at once.

If someone takes too much

Call Poison Control at 1-800-222-1222 or get help online at poison.org. Call 911 if the person collapses, has a seizure, has trouble breathing, or can't be woken.

Storing it

Store at room temperature, away from heat and moisture (not in the bathroom), and out of reach of children and pets.

Conditions it's used for

Sources

Last updated 2026-11-13.